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"""
Module: HP 3457A Digital Multimeter Control
Description: This module provides a class to interface with a digital multimeter (DMM)
using pyvisa for performing measurements such as voltage, current,
and resistance.
Author: Mykhailo Vorobiov
Email: mvorobiov@wm.edu
Date: 2024-10-02
Updated: 2024-11-05
"""
from qolab.hardware.basic import BasicInstrument
from ._basic import Multimeter
import pyvisa
import numpy as np
class HP3457A(Multimeter):
"""
A class to interface with HP 3457A Digital Multimeter (DMM) via pyvisa.
This class allows you to measure DC voltage, AC voltage, DC current, AC current,
and resistance from a DMM using pyvisa communication.
"""
# List of data return formats
FORMATS = ['ASCII',
'SINT',
'DINT',
'SREAL',
'DREAL'
]
BEEPER_STATUS = ['ON','OFF','ONCE']
# List of functions
FUNCTIONS = ['DCV',
'ACV',
'ACDCV',#(This is here for future work)
'OHM',#(This is here for future work)
'OHMF',#(This is here for future work)
'DCI',
'ACI',
'ACDCI',#(This is here for future work)
'FREQ',#(This is here for future work)
'PER'#(This is here for future work)
]
# Allowed number of power line cycles (defines A/D integration time)
NPLC = [0.0005, 0.005, .1, 1, 10, 100]
# DC Volts Spec (This is here for future work)
DCV_RES = {'30mv': {'6.5': 10e-9, '5.5': 100e-9, '4.5': 1e-6, '3.5': 10e-6},
'300mv': {'6.5': 100e-9, '5.5': 1e-6, '4.5': 10e-6, '3.5': 100e-6},
'3v': {'6.5': 1e-6, '5.5': 10e-6, '4.5': 100e-6, '3.5': 1e-3},
'30v': {'6.5': 10e-6, '5.5': 100e-6, '4.5': 1e-3, '3.5': 10e-3},
'300v': {'6.5': 100e-6, '5.5': 1e-3, '4.5': 10e-3, '3.5': 100e-3}
}
DCV_ACC = {'30mv': {'100': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 365}, '10': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 385},
'1': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 500}, '.1': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 70},
'.005': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 19}, '.0005': {'acc': .0045, 'counts': 6}},
'300mv': {'100': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 39}, '10': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 40},
'1': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 50}, '.1': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 9},
'.005': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 4}, '.0005': {'acc': .0035, 'counts': 4}},
'3v': {'100': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 6}, '10': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 7},
'1': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 7}, '.1': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 4},
'.005': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 4}, '.0005': {'acc': .0025, 'counts': 4}},
'30v': {'100': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 19}, '10': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 20},
'1': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 30}, '.1': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 7},
'.005': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 4}, '.0005': {'acc': .0040, 'counts': 4}},
'300v': {'100': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 6}, '10': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 7},
'1': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 7}, '.1': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 4},
'.005': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 4}, '.0005': {'acc': .0055, 'counts': 4}}
}
# DC Current Spec (This is here for future work)
DCI_RES = {'300ua': {'6.5': 100e-12, '5.5': 1e-9, '4.5': 10e-9, '3.5': 100e-9},
'3ma': {'6.5': 1e-9, '5.5': 10e-9, '4.5': 100e-9, '3.5': 1e-6},
'30ma': {'6.5': 10e-9, '5.5': 100e-9, '4.5': 1e-6, '3.5': 10e-6},
'300ma': {'6.5': 100e-9, '5.5': 1e-6, '4.5': 10e-6, '3.5': 100e-6},
'1a': {'6.5': 1e-6, '5.5': 10e-6, '4.5': 100e-6, '3.5': 1e-3}
}
# (This is here for future work)
DCI_ACC = {'300ua': {'100': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104}, '10': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104},
'1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 115}, '.1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 14},
'.005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 5}, '.0005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 4}},
'3ma': {'100': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104}, '10': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104},
'1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 115}, '.1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 14},
'.005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 5}, '.0005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 4}},
'30ma': {'100': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104}, '10': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 104},
'1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 115}, '.1': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 14},
'.005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 5}, '.0005': {'acc': .04, 'counts': 4}},
'300ma': {'100': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 204}, '10': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 204},
'1': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 215}, '.1': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 24},
'.005': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 6}, '.0005': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 4}},
'1a': {'100': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 604}, '10': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 604},
'1': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 615}, '.1': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 64},
'.005': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 10}, '.0005': {'acc': .08, 'counts': 5}}
}
def __init__(self, resource, *args, **kwds):
"""
Initialize the Digital Multimeter class and establish a connection.
:param resource_name: VISA resource name for the multimeter.
:param alias: Alias for logging.
:param log_level: Logging level (default: INFO).
"""
super().__init__(*args, **kwds)
self.resource = resource
self.config["Device model"] = "HP 3457A"
self.resource.timeout = 5000
self.resource.read_termination = '\r\n'
self.resource.write_termination = '\r\n'
self.read = self.resource.read
self.write = self.resource.write
self.read_bytes = self.resource.read_bytes
self.switchTime = 0.5 # switch time in seconds for Function/Measurement change
self.deviceProperties.update({"Function"})
self.set_function('DCV')
def get_idn(self):
"""
Query the identification of the digital multimeter: manufacturer, model, serial number, and firmware version.
:return: Identifier string if query is successful, or None otherwise.
"""
try:
self.write('ID?')
return self.read_bytes(9).decode().strip()
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f'[ERROR!] Error retrieving identification of the digital multimeter: {e}')
return None
def _check_format(self, format):
if format in self.FORMATS:
return True
else:
return False
def set_format(self, format='ASCII'):
if self._check_format(format):
try:
self.write(f'OFORMAT {format}')
print(f'[INFO] Format has been set to {format}')
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f'[ERROR!] Couldn\'t set reading format to {format}: {e}')
else:
print(f'[WARNING] Entered format is not allowed. Allowed formats: {self.FORMATS}')
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def get_reading(self):
try:
self.write(f'TARM AUTO')
return float(self.read_bytes(16).decode().strip())
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f'[ERROR!] Error failed to get reading: {e}')
return np.nan()
def set_beeper_status(self, status='OFF'):
if status in self.BEEPER_STATUS:
try:
self.write(f'BEEP {status}')
print(f'[INFO] Beeper is set to {status}')
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f'[ERROR!] Error setting beeper status: {e}')
else:
print(f'[WARNING!] The passed beeper status is not allowed.'
f'Choose from {self.BEEPER_STATUS}')
def set_function(self, function='DCV'):
"""
Set the measurement function of the multimeter.
:param function: Measurement function .
"""
if function in self.FUNCTIONS:
try:
self.write(f"FUNC {function}")
print(f"[INFO] Measurement function set to {function}")
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f"[ERROR!] Error setting measurement function: {e}")
else:
print(f"[WARNING!] Invalid measurement function '{function}'. "
f"Valid functions are: {', '.join(self.FUNCTIONS)}")
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def get_temperature(self):
try:
self.write("TEMP?")
temp = float(self.read(16).decode().strip())
print(f"[INFO] DMM's internal temperature is: {temp}")
return temp
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f"[ERROR!] Error retrieving DMM's internal temperature: {e}")
def get_memory_count(self):
"""
Returns the total number of stored readings.
"""
try:
self.write(f'MCOUNT?')
return float(self.read_bytes(16).decode().strip())
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f'[ERROR!] Error failed to get count of reading in memory: {e}')
return np.nan()
def enable_keyboard(self, status=True):
if status:
try:
self.write("LOCK ON")
print(f"[INFO] DMM's keyboard is unlocked.")
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f"[ERROR!] Error unlocking the DMM's keyboard: {e}")
else:
try:
self.write("LOCK OFF")
print(f"[INFO] DMM's keyboard is locked.")
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f"[ERROR!] Error locking the DMM's keyboard: {e}")
def set_nplc(self, nplc=10):
if nplc in self.NPLC:
try:
self.write(f"FUNC {nplc}")
print(f"[INFO] NPLC is set to {nplc}")
except pyvisa.VisaIOError as e:
print(f"[ERROR!] Error setting number of power line cycles (NPLC): {e}")
else:
print(f"[WARNING!] Invalid NPLC '{nplc}'. "
f"Valid NPLC values are: {', '.join(str(self.NPLC))}")
#-----------------------------------------------------------
# Methods to comply with other DMM QOLab module drivers
#-----------------------------------------------------------
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def getVdc(self):
self.set_function('DCV')
return self.get_reading()
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def getVac(self):
self.set_function('ACV')
return self.get_reading()
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def getAdc(self):
self.set_function('DCI')
return self.get_reading()
@BasicInstrument.tsdb_append
def getAac(self):
self.set_function('ACI')
return self.get_reading()
# Example usage
if __name__ == "__main__":
import time
rm = pyvisa.ResourceManager()
instrument = rm.open_resource("visa://192.168.194.15/GPIB1::22::INSTR")
dmm = HP3457A(instrument)
dmm.set_format('ASCII')
dmm.set_beeper_status('ONCE')
dmm.set_function('DCI')
print(dmm.get_reading())
dmm.close()
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