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diff --git a/faraday_rotation.tex b/faraday_rotation.tex index 01d07a7..1c683b8 100644 --- a/faraday_rotation.tex +++ b/faraday_rotation.tex @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ %\maketitle \noindent -\textbf{Experiment objectives}: Observe the {\it Faraday Effect}, the rotation of a light wave's polarization vector in a material with a magnetic field directed along the wave's direction. Determine the relationship between the the magnetic field and the rotation by measuring the so-called {\it Verdet constant} of the material. Become acquainted with some new tools: an oscilloscope, a function generator and an amplifier, and a new technique: phase-locking. +\textbf{Experiment objectives}: Observe the {\it Faraday Effect}, the rotation of a light wave's polarization vector in a material with a magnetic field directed along the wave's direction. Determine the relationship between the magnetic field and the rotation by measuring the so-called {\it Verdet constant} of the material. Become acquainted with some new tools: an oscilloscope, a function generator and an amplifier, and a new technique: phase-locking. \section*{Introduction} The term polarization refers to the direction of the electrical field in a light wave. Generally, light is not polarized when created (e.g., by atomic deexcitations) but can be made so by passing it through a medium which transmits electric fields oriented in one direction, and absorbs all others. Imagine we create a beam of light traveling in the $z$ direction. We then polarize it in the $x$ direction ($\vect{E}=\vect{\hat x}E_0\cos(kz-\omega t)$) by passing it through a polarizer and then pass it through a second polarizer, with a transmission axis oriented at an angle $\theta$ with respect to the $x$ axis. If we detect the light beam after the second polarizer, the intensity is |